File Catalog

Animal Kingdom

Ø  Phylum Annelida

·         Coined by ‘Lamarck’.

·         ‘Cuvier’ separated the segmented worms from the other worms.

General characters:

·         Triploblastic,,bilateral with schizocoelomatesand metamerism

·         Aquatic, moist, free living, burrows, soily

·         Size: 1mm-3mm(earthworm)

·         Shape: body is elongated with externally and internally segmentation. It is covered by a transparent non-chitinous cuticle

·         Symmetry: bilateral

·         Locomotion: by muscles and setae) or parapodia.

·         Digestion: well developed mouth and anus

·         Respiration: through the skin

·         Nervous system: Brain and nerve cord

·         Excretion: segmental nephridia (tubule open)

·         Circulation: closed type with repiratory pigment dissolves in blood plasma.

·         Reproduction: sexes are uinted, both sperm and eggs within its body and reproduce sexually and some reproduce asexually.

·         Life cycle: Trochopore larvae( free swimming, bands of cilia)

·         Examples: Leech,Earthworm,Lampito.

Ø  Phylum Arthopoda (largest phylum)

·         Coined by ‘Von Siebold’.

General characters:

·         Triploblastic, metamerism with reduced coelom animals

·         Mostly located in dry environment (warm, dark, wet)

·         Size: mostly about the size of a thumbnail, American cockroach (4cm).

·         Shape: body is segmented and joined externally, exoskeleton made up of by ‘chitin’.

·         Body cavity is filled by blood (homocoel)

·         Symmetry: bilateral

·         Locomotion: jointed appendages

·         Nutrition:’ depends on food somewill live without food 1 month.

·         Respiration: through thoracic and abdominal spiracles

·         Digestion: well developed mouth and anus (sucking/chewing)

·         Circulation: dorsal side open type

·         Nervous system: paired dorsal ganglia, muscles striated

·         Excretion: green glands or by hind gut

·         Reproduction: sexes are separate. Mostly oviparous (egg laying) few viviparous (young ones)

·         Examples: Cockroach,Scorpions,Crabs,Spiders.

Ø  Phylum Mollusk (Second largest phylum)

·         Coined by ‘Aristotle’

General characters:

·         Triploblastic, , soft bodied with schizocoelomates unsegmented animals

·         Aquatic, free living, some are on land and attached to the rocks, some will live in burrows, some will float.

·         Size: 1-22m(>70ft) – Tridacna

·         Shape: body is covered by a shell which is divided into head, visceral organs and foot

·         Symmetry: bilateral

·         Locomotion by ventral foot

·         Respiration  by gills or lungs

·         Circulation: heart, blood and blood vessels.

·         Nervous: well developed with a series of ganglia

·         Digestion: well developed mouth and anus

·         Excretion: through nephridium

·         Reproduction: usually separate. Some will reproduce themselves with a large organ ‘Gonad’

·         Life cycle: Veliger, Glochidium

·         Examples: Octopus, Pilia, Sepia,loligo,